Excavator



(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.,

DEHORTON,

EXCAVATOR.

No. 451,484. v Patented 'May 5, 18.91.

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Attorney (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. E. HORTON.

EXGAVATO-R.

No. 451,484. Patented May 5, 1891.

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nms Pneus co., nuoro-wma., wAsumnm UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

DANIEL E. HORTON, OF BUFFALO, NEV YORK.

EXCAVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,484, dated May 5, 1891.

Application filed August 7, 1890. Serial No. 361,335. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL E. HOETON, a

` citizen of the United States, residing in Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful' Improvements in Excavators, of which the following is a specification. Y

My invention consist-s in certain improvements in excavating-machines for excavating `cellars or for other purposes, all of which will be fully and clearly hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 isa detached sectional side elevation of the double snatchblock. Fig. l is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is an enlarged elevation of a portion of the rocking frame, showing the device for securing the weight connected with it when drawn down. Fig. G is a side elevation of the releasing-hook in its holding position. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the excavating apparatus complete. Fig. S is a front elevation of the releasing-hook; and Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same, showing it open in condition for releasing the earth-scraper.

In said drawings, 1 represents the stationary portion of the frame-work. It is rmly secured in position in the usual way to the horizontal or foundation frame 2 by braces 3. There are two of these frames placed directly opposite each other, one at each side of the foundation-frame 2. Directlyin front of the stationary frame-work is jointed to plates 4 by pins 5 a rocking frame 6, having the upper portion 6, securely' fastened together in the usual way and strengthened by diagonal braces 7. At therear upper end of the stationary frame-work on one side is a block 8, on which is mounted in suitable bearings a grooved friction-roller 9. This frame-work is preferably made of wood as the most suitable material; but any other suitable material maybe used.

To the rocking frame is secured a cable 10 by means of an eyebolt 11. (See Figs. 1 and 7.) This cable passes horizontally, or sub-` stantially so, over the top of the stationary frame, and then over the grooved roller 9, and is then secured to a weight 12. This construction allowsthe rocking frame to be turned forward,as shown in Fig. 7 and by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. By this construction it will be seen that when this rocking frame is released from the force lthat rocks it forward it will be immediately returned to its vertical position by the weight 12, being stopped by coming against the projecting ends 0f the upper horizontal stationary framepieces In Fig. 1 l have shown a forwardly-projectingframe-piece 13, strengthened by diagonal braces 14. This construction brings the weight-supporting portion forward; but it is not material, as either construction can be used.

To one side of the top 6 of the rocking i frame 6 is mounted in a block 15 a grooved friction-pulley 1G', and in the center of the cross-frame piece (ifL is another block 17,*on which is mounted another grooved frictionroller 1S. is passed a chain or cable 19, h'avinga weight 2O on the portion which passes down over the friction-pulley 16. This weight 20, is provided with two projecting lugs 21, through which the guide-rod 22 passes. This guiderod 22 keeps the weight 2O always in line with the frame 6. At the bottom of the weight 2O is a downwardly-proj ecting swinging portion or eye-piece 23, jointed to the weight by a pin 211, and at the foot of the post 6 is an outwardlyprojecting catch-piece 25. By this construction it will be noticed that when the weight is down to its lowest point the swinging eye-piece z3 may swing over the projecting catch 25, and thus be securely held down until released by turning the swinging piece off. "When the weight 2O is not supported by a vertical rod 22, a stationary eye-piece 23n may be attached to it, the weight in this case being moved to fasten it. At the opposite end of the cable 19 is secured a double snatchblock 26, having an eye-piece 26, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) by which it may be secured when down by means of the pivoted catch 7, which is held up by a spring 2S, so that the catch can be released by the foot when required. The snatch-block 26 is provided with two grooved pulleys 27% (Shown in Figs. 3 and et.)

To the drum 29 of a double-drum hoistingmachine of any well-known construction is secured a cable 30 see Figs. 1 and 7 which Over the friction-rollers 16 and 18 lOO passes through the snatch-block 26 between the two grooved rollers 2". At the opposite end of this cable is attached an earth-scraper 3l by means of ahook 3.,and above the hook 5 32 is a clamp 33 to prevent the cable from being drawn through the snatch-block. The hook 32 hooks into a ring in a bail or short connecting-piece of cable Si, secured to the rear of the scraper, and at the opposite end of the cable 3l is secured a releasing-hook 35. The construction of this releasing-hook is better shown in Figs. G, S, and 9, 35 being the main or body portion of the hook, which is provided with an eye piece 3G. To the lower forwardly-projecting portion 3G of the part 35 is pivoted the movable hook portion 37 by a pin 3S, and to a projecting portion 3f) on the hook portion 37 is pivoted one part i0 of a toggle-joint, to which the other part 40 of the toggle-joint is pivoted by a pin 41, having its opposite end pivoted to a downwardly-projecting piece 42 on the portion 35 by a pin 43. At the back of the pivoted partial hook portion 37 is a backward and upwardly curved projecting portion 4l. (Shown in Fig. 9.) The object of this construction is to allow the bail it of the earthscraper 3l to slip olf when the part 37 is turned over in the position shown in Fig. 9, when it is desired to dump the earth-scraper, a rod or piece of cable i5 (see Figs. '7 and il) being connected to the toggle-joint and provided with a hand-stirrup 4G, (shown in Fig. 7,) by which it may be operated. The togglejoint is connected by a spiral spring 7 with the portion 35,so that the moment the rod 45 is released it will immediately resume its normal position, as shown in Fig'. G, in which position the hook is held rigidly in its holding position, as shown in said ligure, until opened by operating the togglejoint, as above set forth. At the rear of the earth-scraperis another cable 48, which passes back therefrom (see Fig. 7 and from thence over a stationary snatch-block Llll, which is secured to a stationary holding-post or other equivalent holding device. From thence it passes back again over the base or platform and is attached to the other drum 5l of the hoistingmachine.

The operation is as follows: The rocking frame 6 being in the position shown in Fig. l and the earth-scraper being drawn back as far as may be required by means of the drum 51, which turns in the direction of the arrow f and winds up the cable 48, the drum 29 running loose while this operation is going on, at the same time the double snatch-block 2G is held down, as shown in Figs. l and 2, by the catch 27. (See Fig. 2.) The drum 5l is now released (so as to run loose) in the usual and wellknown way, and the drum 2t) is brought into action, turning in the direction of the arrow e, which operation draws the scraper 3l back, (it being held in the proper position to scoop up as much earth as it will carry.) )Vhcn the scraper is moved directly under the top of the rocking frame G and (l, the double snatch-block 2G is now released from the catch 27, and it is drawn up, carrying the loaded earth-scraper with it by means of the cable 19, the portion outside of the rocking frame being drawn downward until the weight 2O may be secured to the catch 25, as above mentioned. The loaded scraper is now in the position shown in Fig. 7, the drum being s till in motion. As soon as the clamp 33 reaches the snatch-block 26, and as it will not pass through, it draws the frame G and 6 forward, as shown, when the action of the drum 29 is instantly stopped by the operator in the usual way and the load in the scraper is ready to be dumped, as before mentioned, into a wagon which may be drawn under it. The weight 20 is now released andthe double snatch-block secured by the catch 27, as before. The frame 6 and 6 is now drawn by the weight l2 to a vertical position, as shown in Fig. l, so that it rests against the front ends of the horizontal beams 3', andthe same operation above described may be continually repeated, the earth-scraper passing back and forth until the desired excavation is completed.

I claim as my inventionl. In an cxcavating-machine, the combination ol a stationary frame portion, a pivoted rocking supporting-frame kept in a vertical position against the stationary frame by a weighted cable connected to it and passing over a pulley on the stationary frame, a double snatch block connected to a cable passing over pulleys on the top of the roeking frame, then down and connecting with a weight having a fastening device by which it can be secured when the double snatchblock is drawn up, a cable passing through between the two grooved pulleys in the snatch-block and connecting with the rear end of an earth-scraper on one side of the snatch -block and with one of the double drums of a hoisting-machine on the other side, a releasinghook connected with the front portion of the scraper, and a cable connected with the under rear end of the scraper and extend ing back to a snatch-block secured to a stationary support, around which it passes forward to the other roller of a double-drum hoisting-machine, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In an excavating-machine, the combination of a stationary frame with a pivoted weight-supported rocking frame, a cable connected thereto, passing over a friction-pulley on the stationary frame, and provided with a weight to keep the rocking frame in its normal vertical position, and a means, substantially as above described, for drawing the load up toward the top of the rocking frame and then drawing the frame forward, so as to bring the load over a wagon in position to be dumped, after which it is brought to its normal position, substantially as described.

In an excavating-machine,the'combina- ICO ITO

tion, with the suspended learth-scraper, of a `grooved pulleys between which the cable car- Io releasing-hook havingapivotedhook portion rying the earth-scraper passes and is snpkept to its normal position by a toggle-joint ported either in its upper or lower position, and1 spring, and a rod for opening' it, substanand said cable, substantially as described. tial y as described.

4. In an excavating-machine, the combina DANIEL E' HORTON tion, with the rocking supporting-frame, of a Witnesses: Weighted cable for bringing it to its normal IDA C. HORTON, position, a double snatch-block having two JAMES SANGSTER. 

